In a fresh sign that the downturn in the resources industry may be finally over, mining giant Rio Tinto (LON:RIO) and its Canadian affiliate Turquoise Hill (TSE:TRQ) have signed off on a $5.3 billion expansion of their massive Oyu Tolgoi copper and gold mine in Mongolia.

The decision ends a three-year stalemate and political tension over revenue sharing and the foreign role in Mongolia’s mining sector.

Oyu Tolgoi’s development, set to cost about $400 million more than previously thought, will begin within months, the companies said. First production from the underground expansion is expected by 2020, when a shortage of copper is tipped to emerge.

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